How Do You Read Horse Racing Program

Racing Software FREE Horse Racing Software for Windows XP, Vista, 7 and 8 Download for FREE the Limited Edition UK Horse Racing Analyser, place your. How to Win at Horse Racing. Horse racing is one of the only sports that allow fans to participate in the game directly, through wagering. Millions of dollars are bet. Legal online horse betting websites to bet horse racing online in USA. We are here to provide you with the widest range of options in online gambling, the most. Horse_Racing_-_Greece.jpg' alt='How Do You Read Horse Racing Program' title='How Do You Read Horse Racing Program' />Britannica. Horse racing, sport of runninghorses at speed, mainly Thoroughbreds with a rider astride or Standardbreds with the horse pulling a conveyance with a driver. These two kinds of racing are called racing on the flat and harness racing, respectively. Some races on the flatsuch as steeplechase, point to point, and hurdle racesinvolve jumping. This article is confined to Thoroughbred horse racing on the flat without jumps. Racing on the flat with horses other than Thoroughbreds is described in the article quarter horse racing. Horse racing is one of the oldest of all sports, and its basic concept has undergone virtually no change over the centuries. It developed from a primitive contest of speed or stamina between two horses into a spectacle involving large fields of runners, sophisticated electronic monitoring equipment, and immense sums of money, but its essential feature has always been the same the horse that finishes first is the winner. In the modern era, horse racing developed from a diversion of the leisure class into a huge public entertainment business. By the first decades of the 2. Early history. Knowledge of the first horse race is lost in prehistory. Both four hitch chariot and mounted bareback races were held in the Olympic Games of Greece over the period 7. Horse racing, both of chariots and of mounted riders, was a well organized public entertainment in the Roman Empire. The history of organized racing in other ancient civilizations is not very firmly established. Presumably, organized racing began in such countries as China, Persia, Arabia, and other countries of the Middle East and in North Africa, where horsemanship early became highly developed. Thence came too the Arabian, Barb, and Turk horses that contributed to the earliest European racing. Such horses became familiar to Europeans during the Crusades 1. Racing in medieval. England began when horses for sale were ridden in competition by professional riders to display the horses speed to buyers. During the reign of Richard the Lionheart 1. In the 1. 6th century Henry VIII imported horses from Italy and Spain presumably Barbs and established studs at several locations. In the 1. 7th century James I sponsored meetings in England. His successor, Charles I, had a stud of 1. Organized racing. Charles II reigned 1. Manual De Instalacion Pc 1550. English turf and inaugurated the Kings Plates, races for which prizes were awarded to the winners. His articles for these races were the earliest national racing rules. The horses raced were six years old and carried 1. The patronage of Charles II established Newmarket as the headquarters of English racing. In France the first documented horse race was held in 1. During the reign of Louis XIV 1. Louis XVI reigned 1. Organized racing in North America began with the British occupation of New Amsterdam now New York City in 1. Col. Richard Nicolls, commander of the British troops, established organized racing in the colonies by laying out a 2 mile 3. Long Island called Newmarket after the British racecourse and offering a silver cup to the best horses in the spring and fall seasons. From the beginning, and continuing until the Civil War, the hallmark of excellence for the American Thoroughbred was stamina, rather than speed. After the Civil War, speed became the goal and the British system the model. Match races. The earliest races were match races between two or at most three horses, the owners providing the purse, a simple wager. Activar Windows 7 Ultimate Loader Extreme Edition. An owner who withdrew commonly forfeited half the purse, later the whole purse, and bets also came under the same play or pay rule. Agreements were recorded by disinterested third parties, who came to be called keepers of the match book. One such keeper at Newmarket in England, John Cheny, began publishing An Historical List of All Horse Matches Run 1. James Weatherby established it as the Racing Calendar, which was continued thereafter by his family. Open field racing. Test Your Knowledge. Official Languages Fact or FictionBy the mid 1. Eligibility rules were developed based on the age, sex, birthplace, and previous performance of horses and the qualifications of riders. Races were created in which owners were the riders gentlemen riders, in which the field was restricted geographically to a township or county, and in which only horses that had not won more than a certain amount were entered. An act of the British Parliament of 1. Contemporary accounts identified riders in England called jockeysif professionalfrom the second half of the 1. French racing, but their names were not at first officially recorded. Only the names of winning trainers and riders were at first recorded in the Racing Calendar, but by the late 1. This neglect of the riders is partly explained in that when races consisted of 4 mile heats, with the winning of two heats needed for victory, the individual riders judgment and skill were not so vital. As dash racing one heat became the rule, a few yards in a race gained importance, and, consequently, so did the riders skill and judgment in coaxing that advantage from his mount. Bloodlines and studbooks. Britannica Lists Quizzes. All horse racing on the flat except quarter horse racing involves Thoroughbred horses. Thoroughbreds evolved from a mixture of Arab, Turk, and Barb horses with native English stock. Private studbooks had existed from the early 1. In 1. 79. 1 Weatherby published An Introduction to a General Stud Book, the pedigrees being based on earlier Racing Calendars and sales papers. After a few years of revision, it was updated annually. Vray For 3Ds Max 2013 64 Bit. All Thoroughbreds are said to descend from three Oriental stallions the Darley Arabian, the Godolphin Barb, and the Byerly Turk, all brought to Great Britain, 1. Charles II. The preeminence of English racing and hence of the General Stud Book from 1. In France the Stud Book Franaise beginning in 1. Orientale Arab, Turk, and Barb and Anglais mixtures according to the English pattern, but these were later reduced to one class, chevaux de pur sang Anglais horses of pure English blood. The American Stud Book dates from 1. Canada, Puerto Rico, and parts of Mexico, as well as from the United States. The long standing reciprocity among studbooks of various countries was broken in 1. Jersey Act passed by the English Jockey Club, which disqualified many Thoroughbred horses bred outside England or Ireland. The purpose of the act was ostensibly to protect the British Thoroughbred from infusions of North American mainly U. S. sprinting blood. After a rash of victories in prestigious English races by French horses with tainted American ancestry in the 1. Jersey Act was rescinded in 1. Evolution of races. The original Kings Plates were standardized racesall were for six year old horses carrying 1. Beginning in 1. 75. Kings Plates, and heats were reduced to 2 miles 3. Other racing for four year olds was well established by then, and a race for three year olds carrying 1. Heat racing for four year olds continued in the United States until the 1. By that time, heat racing had long since been overshadowed in Europe by dash racing, a dash being any race decided by only one heat, regardless of its distance. The modern age of racing. The beginning of the modern era of racing is generally considered to have been the inauguration of the English classic races the St. Leger in 1. 77. 6, the Oaks in 1.